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使用C#控制远程计算机的服务

时间:2004/10/8 16:46:00来源:本站整理作者:蓝点我要评论(0)

    



        在.net中提供了一些类来显示和控制Windows系统上的服务,并可以实现对远程计算机服务服务的访问,如System.ServiceProcess命名空间下面的ServiceController 类,System.Management下面的一些WMI操作的类。虽然用ServiceController可以很方便的实现对服务的控制,而且很直观、简洁和容易理解。但是我认为他的功能同通过WMI来操作服务相比,那可能就有些单一了,并且对多个服务的操作可能就比较麻烦,也无法列出系统中的所有服务的具体数据。这里要讲的就是如何使用System.Management组件来操作远程和本地计算机上的服务。

        WMI作为Windows 2000操作系统的一部分提供了可伸缩的,可扩展的管理架构.公共信息模型(CIM)是由分布式管理任务标准协会(DMTF)设计的一种可扩展的、面向对象的架构,用于管理系统、网络、应用程序、数据库和设备。Windows管理规范也称作CIM for Windows,提供了统一的访问管理信息的方式。如果需要获取详细的WMI信息请读者查阅MSDN。System.Management组件提供对大量管理信息和管理事件集合的访问,这些信息和事件是与根据 Windows 管理规范 (WMI) 结构对系统、设备和应用程序设置检测点有关的。

        但是上面并不是我们最关心的,下面才是我们需要谈的话题。

毫无疑问,我们要引用System.Management.Dll程序集,并要使用System.Management命名空间下的类,如ManagementClass,ManagementObject等。下面用一个名为Win32ServiceManager的类把服务的一些相关操作包装了一下,代码如下:

using System;

using System.Management;

namespace ZZ.Wmi

{

     public class Win32ServiceManager

     {

         private string strPath;

         private ManagementClass managementClass;

         public Win32ServiceManager():this(".",null,null)

         {

         }

         public Win32ServiceManager(string host,string userName,string password)

         {

              this.strPath = "\\\\"+host+"\\root\\cimv2:Win32_Service";

              this.managementClass = new ManagementClass(strPath);

               if(userName!=null&&userName.Length>0)

              {

                   ConnectionOptions connectionOptions = new ConnectionOptions();

                   connectionOptions.Username = userName;

                   connectionOptions.Password = password;

                   ManagementScope managementScope = new ManagementScope( "\\\\" +host+ "\\root\\cimv2",connectionOptions) ;

                   this.managementClass.Scope = managementScope;

              }

         }

         // 验证是否能连接到远程计算机

         public static bool RemoteConnectValidate(string host,string userName,string password)

         {

              ConnectionOptions connectionOptions = new ConnectionOptions();

              connectionOptions.Username = userName;

              connectionOptions.Password = password;

              ManagementScope managementScope = new ManagementScope( "\\\\" +host+ "\\root\\cimv2",connectionOptions) ;

              try

              {

                   managementScope.Connect();

              }

              catch

              {

              }

              return managementScope.IsConnected;

         }

         // 获取指定服务属性的值

         public object GetServiceValue(string serviceName,string propertyName)

         {

              ManagementObject mo = this.managementClass.CreateInstance();

              mo.Path = new ManagementPath(this.strPath+".Name=\""+serviceName+"\"");

              return mo[propertyName];

         }

         // 获取所连接的计算机的所有服务数据

         public string [,] GetServiceList()

         {

              string [,] services = new string [this.managementClass.GetInstances().Count,4];

              int i = 0;

              foreach(ManagementObject mo in this.managementClass.GetInstances())

              {

                   services[i,0] = (string)mo["Name"];

                   services[i,1] = (string)mo["DisplayName"];

                   services[i,2] = (string)mo["State"];

                   services[i,3] = (string)mo["StartMode"];

                   i++;

              }

              return services;

         }

         // 获取所连接的计算机的指定服务数据

         public string [,] GetServiceList(string serverName)

         {

              return GetServiceList(new string []{serverName});

         }

         // 获取所连接的计算机的的指定服务数据

         public string [,] GetServiceList(string [] serverNames)

         {

              string [,] services = new string [serverNames.Length,4];

              ManagementObject mo = this.managementClass.CreateInstance();

              for(int i = 0;i

              {

                   mo.Path = new ManagementPath(this.strPath+".Name=\""+serverNames[i]+"\"");

                   services[i,0] = (string)mo["Name"];

                   services[i,1] = (string)mo["DisplayName"];

                   services[i,2] = (string)mo["State"];

                   services[i,3] = (string)mo["StartMode"];

              }

              return services;

         }

         // 停止指定的服务

         public string StartService(string serviceName)

         {

              string strRst = null;

              ManagementObject mo = this.managementClass.CreateInstance();

              mo.Path = new ManagementPath(this.strPath+".Name=\""+serviceName+"\"");

              try

              {

                   if((string)mo["State"]=="Stopped")//!(bool)mo["AcceptStop"]

                       mo.InvokeMethod("StartService",null);

              }

              catch(ManagementException e)

              {

                   strRst =e.Message;

              }

              return strRst;

         }

         // 暂停指定的服务

         public string PauseService(string serviceName)

         {

              string strRst = null;

              ManagementObject mo = this.managementClass.CreateInstance();

              mo.Path = new ManagementPath(this.strPath+".Name=\""+serviceName+"\"");

              try

              {

                   //判断是否可以暂停

                   if((bool)mo["acceptPause"]&&(string)mo["State"]=="Running")

                       mo.InvokeMethod("PauseService",null);

              }

              catch(ManagementException e)

              {

                   strRst =e.Message;

              }

              return strRst;

         }

         // 恢复指定的服务

         public string ResumeService(string serviceName)

         {

              string strRst = null;

              ManagementObject mo = this.managementClass.CreateInstance();

              mo.Path = new ManagementPath(this.strPath+".Name=\""+serviceName+"\"");

              try

              {

                   //判断是否可以恢复

                   if((bool)mo["acceptPause"]&&(string)mo["State"]=="Paused")

                       mo.InvokeMethod("ResumeService",null);

              }

              catch(ManagementException e)

              {

                   strRst =e.Message;

              }

              return strRst;

         }

         // 停止指定的服务

         public string StopService(string serviceName)

         {

              string strRst = null;

              ManagementObject mo = this.managementClass.CreateInstance();

              mo.Path = new ManagementPath(this.strPath+".Name=\""+serviceName+"\"");

              try

              {

                   //判断是否可以停止

                   if((bool)mo["AcceptStop"])//(string)mo["State"]=="Running"

                       mo.InvokeMethod("StopService",null);

              }

              catch(ManagementException e)

              {

                   strRst =e.Message;

              }

              return strRst;

         }

    }

}

在Win32ServiceManager中通过RemoteConnectValidate静态方法来测试连接成功与否;另外提供了GetServiceValue方法和GetServiceList方法以及它的重载来获取服务信息;后面的四个方法就是对服务的状态控制了。

     下面建立一个简单的窗口来使用它。

大致的界面如下:

显示窗体

通过vs.net 2003可以很快做出上面的窗体,下面列出了一些增加的代码:




using ZZ.Wmi;

namespace ZZForm

{

     public class Form1 : System.Windows.Forms.Form

     {

         //……

         private Win32ServiceManager serviceManager;

         public Form1()

         {

              InitializeComponent();

              this.serviceManager = null;

         }

         //……

         [STAThread]

         static void Main()

         {

              Application.Run(new Form1());

         }

         //修改服务状态

         private void buttonChangeState_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

         {

              switch(((Button)sender).Text)

              {

                   case "启动":

                       string startRst = this.serviceManager.StartService(this.listViewService.SelectedItems[0].SubItems[0].Text);

                       if(startRst==null)

                            MessageBox.Show("操作成功,请点击获取刷新按钮刷新结果!");

                       else

                            MessageBox.Show(startRst);

                       break;

                   case "暂停":

                       string startPause = this.serviceManager.PauseService(this.listViewService.SelectedItems[0].SubItems[0].Text);

                       if(startPause==null)

                            MessageBox.Show("操作成功,请点击获取刷新按钮刷新结果!");

                       else

                            MessageBox.Show(startPause);

                       break;

                   case "继续":

                       string startResume = this.serviceManager.ResumeService(this.listViewService.SelectedItems[0].SubItems[0].Text);

                       if(startResume==null)

                            MessageBox.Show("操作成功,请点击获取刷新按钮刷新结果!");

                       else

                            MessageBox.Show(startResume);

                       break;

                   case "停止":

                       string startStop = this.serviceManager.StopService(this.listViewService.SelectedItems[0].SubItems[0].Text);

                       if(startStop==null)

                            MessageBox.Show("操作成功,请点击获取刷新按钮刷新结果!");

                       else

                            MessageBox.Show(startStop);

                       break;

              }

         }

         //获取和刷新数据

         private void buttonLoadRefresh_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

         {

              if(this.textBoxHost.Text.Trim().Length>0)

              {

                   if(this.textBoxHost.Text.Trim()==".")

                   {

                       this.serviceManager = new Win32ServiceManager();

                   }

                   else

                   {

                        if(Win32ServiceManager.RemoteConnectValidate(this.textBoxHost.Text.Trim(),this.textBoxName.Text.Trim(),this.textBoxPassword.Text.Trim()))

                       {

                            this.serviceManager = new Win32ServiceManager(this.textBoxHost.Text.Trim(),this.textBoxName.Text.Trim(),this.textBoxPassword.Text.Trim());

                       }

                       else

                       {

                            MessageBox.Show("连接到远程计算机验证错误.");

                            return;

                       }

                   }

                   string [,] services = serviceManager.GetServiceList();

                   this.listViewService.BeginUpdate();

                   this.listViewService.Items.Clear();

                   for(int i=0;i

                   {

                       ListViewItem item = new ListViewItem(new string[]{services[i,0],services[i,1],services[i,2],services[i,3]});

                       this.listViewService.Items.Add(item);

                   }

                   this.listViewService.EndUpdate();

              }

              else

                   MessageBox.Show("请输入计算机名或IP地址");

         }

    }

}

     说明,其实一个服务的属性和方法除了上面这几个还有很多,我们可以通过实例化 ManagementClass 类,使用它的 Properties 属性和 Methods 属性列出所有的属性和方法。上面的 Win32ServiceManager 中生成的每个服务实例都是 ManagementObejct 类型的,其实还有一种强类型的类,可以通过编程和工具来生成。

     总结,通过引用 System.Management 命名空间,上面简单的实现了通过访问 \root\cimv2:Win32_Service 名称空间对服务进行显示和操作。此外,我们还可以通过访问其他名称空间来访问计算机的一些硬件信息,软件信息以及网络等,有兴趣的读者可以研究一下。

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