磁盘操作系统是早期个人电脑上使用的一种主要操作系统,习惯上按其英文缩写称作DOS(Disk Operation System)。最早的DOS系统是由微软公司为IBM个人电脑开发的,即MS-DOS。后来这一概念也包括了其他公司生产的与MS-DOS兼容的系统,如PC-DOS、DR-DOS, 以及少数一些不太出名的DOS兼容产品。它们在1985年到1995年间占据操作系统的统治地位。
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Manuf | Version | Released | Comments | Verified |
SCP | - | 2/1981 | Seattle Computer Products’ Quick-n-Dirty Operating System. Runs on IBM’s wirewrapped PC prototype. | |
IBM/MS | 1.0 | 8/1981 | Original IBM/MS release. | * |
IBMBIO .COM 1920 07/23/1981 12:00:00 | ||||
IBM/MS | 1.05 | 8/1981 | Fixes to BASIC interpreter. | * |
IBMBIO .COM 1920 07/23/1981 00:00:00 | ||||
IBM/MS | 1.1 | 5/1982 | Bugfix. Doubled sided drive support. | * |
IBMBIO .COM 1920 05/07/1982 12:00:00 | ||||
IBM/MS | 1.25 | 7/1982 | For early compatibles. This is the first non-IBM OEM version. | |
Zenith | 1.25 | ??/???? | ||
IBMBIO .COM 1713 ? ? | ||||
IBM/MS | 2.0 | 3/1983 | For PC/XT, Unix-type subdirectory support, installable device drivers, I/O redirection, subdirectories, hard disk support, file handle calls. | * |
IBMBIO .COM 4608 03/08/1983 12:00:00 | ||||
IBM/MS | 1.85 | 4/1983 | Internal IBM - extended 1.1 - not released. New features added, i.e. enhanced COMMAND.COM with command line editing. | |
IBM/MS | 2.01 | ?/1983 | First support for individual country formats, Kanji | |
IBM/MS | 2.1 | 10/1983 | For IBM PCjr, bugfixes for 2.0. No country support. | * |
IBMBIO .COM 4736 10/20/1983 12:00:00 | ||||
MS | 2.11 | 11/1983 | Basically a cross of PC-DOS 2.1 and MS-DOS 2.01. | |
IBMBIO .COM 6836 11/17/1983 ??:??:?? | ||||
Wang | 2.01 | 12/1983 | ||
IBMBIO .COM 30482 12/22/1983 ??:??:?? | ||||
IBM | 2.11 | 6/1984 | ||
IBMBIO .COM 5120 05/30/1984 ??:??:?? | ||||
MS | 2.12 | ??/???? | Special version for TI Professional (nonstandard video and keyboard) | |
IBM | 3.0 | 8/1984 | 1.2 meg drive for PC/AT, some new system calls, new external programs, 16-bit FAT, specific support for IBM network. | |
IBMBIO .COM 8964 1984/07/05 15:00:00 | ||||
Sanyo | 2.11 | 9/1984 | ||
IBMBIO .COM 5164 09/03/1984 ??:??:?? | ||||
MS | 3.05 | 11/1984 | First OEM version of 3.x. | |
IBM | 3.1 | 3/1985 | * | |
IBMBIO .COM 9564 03/07/1985 13:43:00 | ||||
AT&T | 2.11 | 6/1985 | "AT&T Personal Computer 6300 DOS Release 2.0" | * |
IBMBIO .COM 6917 06/05/1985 12:00:00 | ||||
IBM/MS | 2.25 | 10/1985 | Extended foreign language support | |
IBM | 3.2 | 1/1986 | 720k 3.5 inch drive support, special support for laptops (IBM PC Convertible), XCOPY | |
IBMBIO .COM 16369 12/30/1985 ??:??:?? | ||||
Generic | 3.2 | ?/1986? | "Disk Operation System Version 3.20 1981-1986" | * |
IO .SYS 16138 ? ? | ||||
MS | 4.0 | 4/1986 | Multitasking (Europe only). Withdrawn from market after a very short run. | |
HP | 3.1 | 5/1986 | * | |
IO .SYS 12288 05/20/1986 12:00:00 | ||||
MS | 3.2 | 7/1986 | ||
IBMBIO .COM 16138 07/07/1986 ??:??:?? | ||||
Compaq | 3.1 | 11/1986 | * | |
IBMBIO .COM 9728 10/31/1986 12:00:00 | ||||
Compaq | 3.2 | 2/1987 | * | |
IBMBIO .COM 16490 02/06/1987 12:00:00 | ||||
IBM | 3.3 | 3/1987 | For PS/2 series, 1.44 meg support, multiple DOS partition support, code page switching, improved foreign language support, some new function calls, support for the AT’s CMOS clock. | * |
IBMBIO .COM 22100 03/18/1987 ? | ||||
MS | 3.21 | 5/1987 | ||
IO .SYS ? 05/01/1987 ??:??:?? | ||||
MS | 3.3 | 7/1987 | * | |
IO .SYS 22357 07/24/1987 00:00:02 | ||||
HP | 3.2 | 8/1987 | * | |
IBMBIO .COM 16634 08/24/1987 13:02:00 | ||||
Zenith | 3.21 | 9/1987 | ||
IBMBIO .COM 18501 09/28/1987 ??:??:?? | ||||
MS | 3.31 | 11/1987 | Over-32 meg DOS partitions. Different versions from different OEMs (not Microsoft). Compaq and Wyse are most common. | |
IBM/MS | 2.11R | ?/1988 | Bootable ROM DOS for Tandy machines. | |
MS | 3.3a | 2/1988 | * | |
IO .SYS 22398 02/02/1988 00:00:02 | ||||
Epson | 3.3 | 2/1988 | * | |
IBMBIO .COM 22452 02/01/1988 11:39:06 | ||||
HP | 3.2 | 3/1988 | * | |
IBMBIO .COM 16666 03/01/1988 13:03:00 | ||||
IBM | 4.0 | 8/1988 | 32mb disk limit officially broken, minor EMS support, more new function calls, enhanced network support for external commands. PCjr support dropped. | * |
IBMBIO .COM 32816 08/03/1988 12:00:00 | ||||
MS | 4.01 | 1/1989 | Microsoft version with some bugfixes. | |
MS | 4.01a | 4/1989 | * | |
IO .SYS 33337 12/19/1988 00:00:02 | ||||
MS | 3.31 | 6/1989 | COMMAND .COM 25276 06/01/1989 00:00:00 Vendex OEM version. | |
IO .SYS 23581 06/14/1989 12:07:58 | ||||
DR | 3.41 | 7/1989 | DRBIOS.SYS 18304 06/30/1989 12:16:00 DRBDOS.SYS 39385 07/14/1989 12:00:00 | * |
COMMAND .COM 35840 06/30/1989 12:16:00 | ||||
MS | 3.21R | 9/1989 | DOS in ROM, Flash File System for laptops. | |
Toshiba | 3.3 | 10/1989 | * | |
IBMBIO .COM 20031 10/31/1989 09:00:02 | ||||
MS | 3.3R | ?/1990 | DOS in ROM, introduced for TI laptops. | |
IBM | 3.4 | ?/? | Internal IBM. Not released (4.0 development) | |
IBM | 5.0 | 5/1991 | * | |
IBMBIO .COM 33430 05/09/1991 12:00:00 | ||||
MS | 5.0 | 6/1991 | High memory support, uses up to 8 hard disks, command line editor and aliasing, 2.88 floppies, ROMable OEM kit available. | * |
IO .SYS 33430 06/17/1991 05:00:00 | ||||
MS | 5.00.02 | 11/1991 | * | |
IO .SYS 33430 11/11/1991 05:00:02 | ||||
IBM | 5.00.1a | 2/1992 | Patches to IBM 5.0. | * |
IBMBIO .COM 37378 02/28/1992 12:00:00 | ||||
MS | V | 2/1993 | Japanese-market version of 5, with double byte Kanji character support | |
IO .SYS ? 02/??/1993 ??:??:?? | ||||
MS | 6.0 | 3/1993 | Disk compression (Doublespace), multiple configurations in CONFIG.SYS | * |
IO .SYS 40470 03/10/1993 06:00:00 | ||||
MS | 6.20 | 9/1993 | * | |
IO .SYS 40566 09/30/1993 06:20:00 | ||||
IBM | 6.3 | 12/1993 | * | |
IBMBIO .COM 40758 12/31/1993 00:00:00 | ||||
MS | 7.0Beta | 1/1994 | MS Internal for "Chicago" (Windows95). Never Released. | * |
IO .SYS 45350 01/01/1994 07:00:08 | ||||
Novell | 7.0 | 1/1994 | * | |
IBMBIO .COM 27880 01/26/1994 07:00:00 | ||||
MS | 6.21 | 2/1994 | * | |
IO .SYS 40566 02/13/1994 06:21:00 | ||||
MS | 6.22 | 5/1994 | * | |
IO .SYS 40774 05/31/1994 06:22:00 | ||||
MS | 7.0 | ?/? | Embedded in Windows 95. | |
IO .SYS ? ? ? | ||||
MS | 7.1 | 8/1996 | Embedded in Windows 95B (OSR2). | * |
IO .SYS 214836 08/24/1996 11:11:10 | ||||
Caldera | 7.01 | 11/1997 | Commonly called OpenDOS. | * |
IBMBIO .COM 27880 11/04/1997 07:01:00 | ||||
Caldera | 7.02 | 2/1998 | Renamed to DR-DOS. | * |
IBMBIO .COM 29594 02/27/1997 07:02:00 | ||||
IBM | 7.? | 5/1998 | "DOS2000". Year 2000 compliant. | * |
IBMBIO .COM 40726 04/30/1998 13:00:00 | ||||
Caldera | 7.03 | 1/1999 | * | |
IBMBIO .COM 24810 01/07/1999 07:03:00 |
Verified (*) indicates that the DOS kernel file size/date/time was matched against an archived copy
Version Year Features
1.0 1981 Original Disk Operating System
1.1 1982 Support for double-sided disks
2.0 1983 Support for sub directories
2.01 1983 Support for international symbols
2.25 1983 Bug fixes
3.0 1984 Extended character set, large hard disks
3.1 1984 Support for PC networks, bug fixes
3.2 1986 Support for 3.5-inch disks
3.3 1987 Support for PS/2 computers
4.0 1988 Support for large partitions
4.01 1989 Bug fixes
5.0 1990 New shell, new editor, smaller kernel, memory management
6.0 1993 Disk Compression, better Memory Management, and AntiVirus
software now included in the operating software.
6.2 1993 Microsoft claims it was not a bug fix for 6.0,
but most observers saw it as that.
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